Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (UniTS)
Immagine di anteprima
Direttore
Data di fondazione
2012
Sito Web
Descrizione
Il Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (DSCF) dell’Università degli Studi di Trieste nasce nel 2010 dall’unione dei pre-esistenti Dipartimenti di Scienze Chimiche e di Scienze Farmaceutiche e dall’autunno 2012 svolge le funzioni didattiche delle ex-Facoltà di Scienze MMFFNN e di Farmacia relative ai corsi di laurea Triennale e Magistrale in Chimica e ai corsi a ciclo unico in Farmacia e in Chimica e Tecnologia Farmaceutiche. Il DSCF gestisce la Scuola di Dottorato in Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche e farmaceutiche e partecipa alla scuola di Dottorato in Nanotecnologie dell’Università di Trieste. Il DSCF ospita un’importante biblioteca di chimica, numerosi laboratori didattici e di ricerca, assieme a strumentazioni e facilities dedicati alla ricerca di base ed applicata nelle varie discipline chimiche. L’attività di ricerca si articola in diversi ambiti che vanno dalla Progettazione, sintesi e formulazione di farmaci, alla Chimica supramolecolare e nanotecnologie, alla Sintesi e struttura di biomolecole, alla Chimica sostenibile e ambientale e alla Chimica teorica e computazionale, promuovendo attività di ricerca scientifica d’avanguardia con contatti scientifici a livello nazionale ed internazionale. Il Dipartimento si propone nei confronti del mondo esterno (industrie, enti di ricerca pubblici e privati, ecc.) come punto di riferimento culturale e di supporto per la ricerca chimica.
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Chemical, biological and antitumor properties of ruthenium-dimethylsulfoxide complexes

1989 , G. MESTRONI , ALESSIO, ENZO , M. CALLIGARIS , W. M. ATTIA , F. QUADRIFOGLIO , S. CAUCI , SAVA, GIANNI , ZORZET, SONIA , PACOR, SABRINA , C. MONTI BRAGADIN , M. TAMARO , DOLZANI, LUCILLA

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Preparation and in vitro/in vivo characterisation of a melt pelletised paracetamol/stearic acid sustained release delivery system

2004 , Grassi M. , Voinovich D. , Grabnar I. , FRANCESCHINIS, Elena , Perissutti B. , Filipovic-Grcic J.

The potential of a sustained release formulation for paracetamol produced by melt pelletisation was investigated. After the production of the pellets, based on the combination of stearic acid as a melting binder and anhydrous lactose as a filler, the 3000–2000 μm size fraction was selected in the light of the promising in vitro dissolution results for further characterisations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), specific surface area and true density determination. Hence the release mechanism was analysed with the help of an appropriate mathematical model. The mathematical model was built on the hypotheses that drug diffusion and solid drug dissolution in the release environment are the key phenomena affecting drug release kinetics. Bioavailability of the developed formulation was evaluated in an in vivo study in eight subjects

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Self-Assembling Peptides and Carbon Nanomaterials Join Forces for Innovative Biomedical Applications

2021 , Rozhin, Petr , Charitidis, Costas , Marchesan, Silvia

Self-assembling peptides and carbon nanomaterials have attracted great interest for their respective potential to bring innovation in the biomedical field. Combination of these two types of building blocks is not trivial in light of their very different physico-chemical properties, yet great progress has been made over the years at the interface between these two research areas. This concise review will analyze the latest developments at the forefront of research that combines self-assembling peptides with carbon nanostructures for biological use. Applications span from tissue regeneration, to biosensing and imaging, and bioelectronics.

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Synthesis of a new mPEG‑Dexamethasone Conjugate and preliminary bioavailability studies in rabbits

2008 , ZACCHIGNA, MARINA , CATENI, FRANCESCA , G. DI LUCA , VOINOVICH, DARIO , PERISSUTTI, Beatrice , S. DRIOLI , BONORA, GIAN MARIA

Poly(ethylene glycol) esters have been proposed as a potential oral-controlled drug delivery system for dexamethasone (DXM). The drug was covalently attached to monomethoxypolyethylene glycol amine (mPEG-NH2) (Mw = 10,000 Da) using a succinate linker. A new PEG-based prodrug system was designed using ester derivatives. The drug-polymer conjugate (mPEG-DXM) was freely water soluble at room temperature. First of all, the adduct hydrolytic stability was assessed at physiological pH. Then, the bioavailability was evaluated by orally administering the mPEG-DXM conjugate in rabbits and comparing to that obtained by the intravenous route. The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of PEGylated drug was twice as large as that of the parent drug after oral administration. In conclusion, PEGylated DXM was useful for maintaining the DXM concentration in the blood after oral administration.

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Photoionization Dynamics of the Tetraoxo Complexes OsO4 and RuO4

2020 , Schio L. , Alagia M. , Toffoli D. , Decleva P. , Richter R. , Schalk O. , Thomas R. D. , Mucke M. , Salvador F. , Bertoch P. , Benedetti D. , Dri C. , Cautero G. , Sergo R. , Stebel L. , Vivoda D. , Stranges S.

The photoionization dynamics of OsO4 and RuO4, chosen as model systems of small-size mononuclear heavy-metal complexes, has been theoretically studied by the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). Accurate experimental measurements of photoionization dynamics as a benchmarking test for the theory are reported for the photoelectron asymmetry parameters of outer valence ionizations of OsO4, measured in the 17-90 eV photon energy range. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the available experimental data. The observed dynamical behavior of partial cross sections and asymmetry parameters has been related to both the coupling to the continuum of discrete excited states, giving strong modulations in the photon energy dependency, and the atomic composition of the initial ionized states, which determines the rate of decay of ionization probability for increasing excitation energies. Overall, an extensive analysis of the photoionization dynamics for valence and core orbitals is presented, showing good agreement with all the available experimental data. This provides confidence for the validity of the TDDFT approach in describing photoionization of heavy transition element compounds, with the perspective of being used for larger systems. Further experimental work is suggested for RuO4 to gather evidence of the sensitivity of the theoretical method to the nature of the metal atom.

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Pattern recognition and anomaly detection by self-organizing maps in a multi month e-nose survey at an industrial site

2020 , Licen S. , Di Gilio A. , Palmisani J. , Petraccone S. , de Gennaro G. , Barbieri P.

Currently people are aware of the risk related to pollution exposure. Thus odor annoyances are considered a warning about the possible presence of toxic volatile compounds. Malodor often generates immediate alarm among citizens, and electronic noses are convenient instruments to detect mixture of odorant compounds with high monitoring frequency. In this paper we present a study on pattern recognition on ambient air composition in proximity of a gas and oil pretreatment plant by elaboration of data from an electronic nose implementing 10 metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) sensors and positioned outdoor continuously during three months. A total of 80,017 e-nose vectors have been elaborated applying the self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm and then k-means clustering on SOM outputs on the whole data set evidencing an anomalous data cluster. Retaining data characterized by dynamic responses of the multisensory system, a SOM with 264 recurrent sensor responses to air mixture sampled at the site and four main air type profiles (clusters) have been identified. One of this sensor profiles has been related to the odor fugitive emissions of the plant, by using ancillary data from a total volatile organic compound (VOC) detector and wind speed and direction data. The overall and daily cluster frequencies have been evaluated, allowing us to identify the daily duration of presence at the monitoring site of air related to industrial emissions. The refined model allowed us to confirm the anomaly detection of the sensor responses.

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Nanocomposite hydrogels: 3D polymer-nanoparticle synergies for on-demand drug delivery

2015 , Merino, Sonia , MARTIN, CRISTINA , Kostarelos, Kostas , PRATO, MAURIZIO , Vázquez, Ester

Considerable progress in the synthesis and technology of hydrogels makes these materials attractive structures for designing controlled-release drug delivery systems. In particular, this review highlights the latest advances in nanocomposite hydrogels as drug delivery vehicles. The inclusion/incorporation of nanoparticles in three-dimensional polymeric structures is an innovative means for obtaining multicomponent systems with diverse functionality within a hybrid hydrogel network. Nanoparticle-hydrogel combinations add synergistic benefits to the new 3D structures. Nanogels as carriers for cancer therapy and injectable gels with improved self-healing properties have also been described as new nanocomposite systems.

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Customizing the Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Nanodots by Using Quinones in Bottom-Up Synthesis

2018 , Rigodanza F. , Dordevic L. , Arcudi F. , Prato M.

We show how the redox potentials of carbon nanodots (CNDs) can be modulated by employing quinones as electroactive precursors during a microwave-assisted synthesis. We prepared and characterized a redox library of CNDs, demonstrating that this approach can promote the use of carbon nanodots for ad hoc applications, including photocatalysis.

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Diverse Applications of Nanomedicine

2017 , Pelaz, Beatriz , Alexiou, Christoph , Alvarez Puebla, Ramon A. , Alves, Frauke , Andrews, Anne M. , Ashraf, Sumaira , Balogh, Lajos P. , BALLERINI, Laura , Bestetti, Alessandra , Brendel, Cornelia , BOSI, Susanna , Carril, Monica , Chan, Warren C. W. , Chen, Chunying , Chen, Xiaodong , Chen, Xiaoyuan , Cheng, Zhen , Cui, Daxiang , Du, Jianzhong , Dullin, Christian , Escudero, Alberto , Feliu, Neus , Gao, Mingyuan , George, Michael , Gogotsi, Yury , Grünweller, Arnold , Gu, Zhongwei , Halas, Naomi J. , Hampp, Norbert , Hartmann, Roland K. , Hersam, Mark C. , Hunziker, Patrick , Jian, Ji , Jiang, Xingyu , Jungebluth, Philipp , Kadhiresan, Pranav , Kataoka, Kazunori , Khademhosseini, Ali , Kopeček, Jindřich , Kotov, Nicholas A. , Krug, Harald F. , Lee, Dong Soo , Lehr, Claus Michael , Leong, Kam W. , Liang, Xing Jie , Ling Lim, Mei , Liz Marzán, Luis M. , Ma, Xiaowei , Macchiarini, Paolo , Meng, Huan , Möhwald, Helmuth , Mulvaney, Paul , Nel, Andre E. , Nie, Shuming , Nordlander, Peter , Okano, Teruo , Oliveira, Jose , Park, Tai Hyun , Penner, Reginald M. , PRATO, MAURIZIO , Puntes, Victor , Rotello, Vincent M. , Samarakoon, Amila , Schaak, Raymond E. , Shen, Youqing , Sjöqvist, Sebastian , Skirtach, Andre G. , Soliman, Mahmoud G. , Stevens, Molly M. , Sung, Hsing Wen , Tang, Ben Zhong , Tietze, Rainer , Udugama, Buddhisha N. , Vanepps, J. Scott , Weil, Tanja , Weiss, Paul S. , Willner, Itamar , Wu, Yuzhou , Yang, Lily , Yue, Zhao , Zhang, Qian , Zhang, Qiang , Zhang, Xian En , Zhao, Yuliang , Zhou, Xin , Parak, Wolfgang J.

The design and use of materials in the nanoscale size range for addressing medical and health-related issues continues to receive increasing interest. Research in nanomedicine spans a multitude of areas, including drug delivery, vaccine development, antibacterial, diagnosis and imaging tools, wearable devices, implants, high-throughput screening platforms, etc. using biological, nonbiological, biomimetic, or hybrid materials. Many of these developments are starting to be translated into viable clinical products. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments in nanomedicine and highlight the current challenges and upcoming opportunities for the field and translation to the clinic.

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Enhancing proteotoxic stress in leiomyosarcoma cells triggers mitochondrial dysfunctions, cell death, and antitumor activity in vivo

2021 , Iuliano L. , Drioli S. , Pignochino Y. , Cafiero C. M. , Minisini M. , D'Este F. , Picco R. , Dalla E. , Giordano G. , Grignani G. , Di Giorgio E. , Benedetti F. , Felluga F. , Brancolini C.

Leiomyosarcomas are rare and aggressive tumors characterized by a complex karyotype. Surgical resection with or without radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the standard curative treatment. Unfortunately, a high percentage of leiomyosarcomas recurs and metastasizes. In these cases, doxorubicin and ifosfamide represent the standard treatment but with low response rates. Here, we evaluated the induction of proteotoxic stress as a possible strategy to kill leiomyosarcoma cells in a therapeutic perspective. We show that aggressive leiomyosarcomas coexist with high levels of proteotoxic stress. As a consequence, we hypothesized that leiomyosarcoma cells are vulnerable to further increases of proteotoxic stress. The small compound 2c is a strong inducer of proteotoxic stress. In leiomyosarcoma cells, it triggers cell death coupled to a profound reorganization of the mitochondrial network. By using stimulated emission depletion microscopy, we have unveiled the existence of DIABLO/SMAC clusters that are modulated by 2c. Finally, we have engineered a new version of 2c linked to polyethylene glycol though a short peptide, named 2cPP. This new prodrug is specifically activated by proteases present in the tumor microenvironment. 2cPP shows a strong antitumor activity in vivo against leiomyosarcomas and no toxicity against normal cells.

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