Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide. Although anthracycline-based chemotherapy has significantly improved survival outcomes, it is also associated with cardiotoxic effects that may lead to myocardial injury, impaired left ventricular (LV) function, and, in some cases, heart failure (HF). As the population of BC survivors continues to grow, the prevention and early detection of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity have become essential components of long-term care.
