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PubblicazioneConforming virtual element method for nondivergence form linear elliptic equations with Cordes coefficients( 2025)We propose and analyze an H2-conforming virtual element method (VEM) for the simplest linear elliptic PDEs in nondivergence form with Cordes coefficients. The VEM hinges on a hierarchical construction valid for any dimension d ≥ 2. The analysis relies on the continuous Miranda-Talenti estimate for convex domains ω and is rather elementary. We prove stability and error estimates in H2(ω), including the effect of quadrature, under minimal regularity of the data. Numerical experiments illustrate the interplay of coefficient regularity and convergence rates in H2(ω).
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PubblicazioneIn-vitro real-time magnetic recording of neuronal activity on spinal cord slices( 2025)Recording the neural activity that originates from action potential dynamics has long been a major pursuit in neuroscience and, specifically, to develop neural interfaces, which are crucial for probing and understanding the nervous tissue. Conventional electrodes and emergent optical imaging (using genetically encoded fluores- cence indicators) are complementary technologies to measure neuronal activity in-vivo but present intrinsic and general physical constraints. While optical imaging is difficult to translate in humans due to the strong genetic perturbations it involves, recordings through rigid implanted electrodes get frequently compromised over time by the foreign body reaction of the tissue that hinders the charge transfer to the electrode. In this scenario, magnetic sensing technologies can open further possibilities. Their working principle does not require intimate contact or charge transfer with the neural tissue and allows for well-tested soft polymeric coatings, which can facilitate the long-term functionality of implanted monitoring interfaces. Here, we report on the development of spintronic-based magnetic sensors able to detect neuronal activity emerging from spinal cord slices in physiological conditions at room temperature and with no magnetic shielding. We pharmacologically weaken synaptic inhibition inducing a switch from random to synchronous generation of action potentials, characterized by the appearance of slow-paced bursting in SCSs. The biological nature of the signals recorded was assessed by pharmacological removal of action potentials by tetrodotoxin and also by performing live Ca2+ imaging recordings simultaneously with magnetophysiology. Our results pave the way towards developing implanted devices that detect magnetic fields from neuronal activity for daily life applications
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PubblicazioneCosmic Magnification of High-Redshift Submillimeter Galaxies( 2025)Weak lensing magnification probes the correlation between galaxies and the underlying matter field in a similar fashion to galaxy–galaxy lensing shear. Although it has long been sidelined in favor of the latter on the grounds of poorer performance in terms of statistical significance, the provision of a large sample of high-redshift submillimeter galaxies by the Herschel observatory has transformed the landscape of cosmic magnification due to their optimal physical properties for magnification analyses. This review aims to summarize the core principles and unique advantages of the cosmic magnification of high-redshift submillimeter galaxies and discuss recent results applied to cosmological inference. The outlook and challenges of this observable are also outlined, with a focus on the ample scope for exploration and its potential to emerge as a competitive independent cosmological probe.
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PubblicazioneInvestigating the relationship between the immune response and the severity of COVID-19: a large-cohort retrospective study( 2024)The COVID-19 pandemic has left an indelible mark globally, presenting numerous challenges to public health. This crisis, while disruptive and impactful, has provided a unique opportunity to gather precious clinical data extensively. In this observational, case-control study, we utilized data collected at the Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, Italy, to comprehensively characterize the immuno-inflammatory features in COVID-19 patients. Specifically, we employed multicolor flow cytometry, cytokine assays, and inflammatory biomarkers to elucidate the interplay between the infectious agent and the host’s immune status. We characterized immuno-inflammatory profiles within the first 72 hours of hospital admission, stratified by age, disease severity, and time elapsed since symptom onset. Our findings indicate that patients admitted to the hospital shortly after symptom onset exhibit a distinct pattern compared to those who arrive later, characterized by a more active immune response and heightened cytokine activity, but lower markers of tissue damage. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regression models to identify informative markers for outcome severity. Predictors incorporating the immuno-inflammatory features significantly outperformed standard baselines, identifying up to 59% of patients with positive outcomes while maintaining a false omission rate as low as 4%. Overall, our study sheds light on the immuno-inflammatory aspects observed in COVID-19 patients prior to vaccination, providing insights for guiding the clinical management of first-time infections by a novel virus.
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PubblicazioneA FLASH on blazars Capturing the radio realm of 4FGL blazars with SKA Observatory pathfinders( 2025)This work investigates the multi-wavelength properties of 165 sources from the Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog Data Release 4 (4FGL), with the aim of identifying counterparts in the Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) First Large Absorption Survey in the HI (FLASH) continuum. Using high-resolution data from FLASH, complementary radio datasets, and archival ALMA observations, we performed detailed spectral energy distribution (SED) analyses across centimetre to millimetre wavelengths. Our findings reveal that most blazars exhibit re-triggered peaked spectra, which are indicative of emission dominated by a single emitting region. Additionally, we identify strong correlations between radio and gamma-ray luminosities, highlighting the significant role of relativistic jets in these active galactic nuclei. The inclusion of spectroscopic redshifts from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Gaia enabled a comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary trends and physical characteristics of the sources to be performed. Furthermore, we report a tight radio–X-ray correlation for flat spectrum radio quasars, thus contrasting with the more scattered behaviour observed in BL Lacertae objects and reflecting the distinct accretion and jet-driving mechanisms of the two populations. These results provide critical insights into the physics of blazars and their environments, paving the way for future studies with next-generation facilities such as the SKA Observatory for radio observations and the Cherenkov Telescope Array for gamma-ray studies.