Downstream integration (DI) is a key managerial area to improve performance in supply networks. Though most studies agree that DI positively influences performances, literature also reports cases of failures in achieving significant improvements. This evidence suggests that some factors may act as moderators on the DI-performance relationship. This paper analyzes the impact of DI on supply network efficiency and the moderating effect on this relationship of supply network performance measurement systems. Data from a sample of 200 manufacturing firms settled in several countries around the world demonstrates that the moderating effect exists. Therefore managers to strengthen the impact of DI on supply network efficiency should module interventions on DI and supply network performance measurement systems, rather than investing and focusing on DI only
