Patient compliance with new oral anticoagulants after major orthopaedic surgery: rivaroxaban and dabigatran compared with subcutaneous injection of fondaparinux

Purpose: the main purpose of our study was to compare patient compliance with the orally administered new oral anticoagulants (noCs) dabigatran and rivaroxaban compared with subcutaneously injected fondaparinux after major orthopaedic surgery, and to assess patient preference for the oral vs subcutaneous administration route. Methods: prophylactic antithrombotic drug therapy with dabigatran (group D; GD, n=32 patients), rivaroxaban (group R; GR, n=38 patients) or fondaparinux (group F; GF, n=30 patients), to prevent deep vein thrombosis, was started immediately after surgery in 100 patients submitted to total hip arthroplasty. Results: the patients had a mean age of 68.7±11 years and 62% were female. in GD, 87.5% of patients indicated that they preferred oral intake of medications to subcutaneous injection (12.5%). in GR, 84.2% declared a preference for oral administration over subcutaneous injection (15.8%). in GF, a surprisingly high proportion of patients (73.3%; p < 0.001) declared that they preferred subcutaneous administration of medications over the oral route (26.7%). overall, the rate of compliance with antithrombotic drug therapy was very high, at 99%. Conclusions: intake of the noAs dabigatran and rivaroxaban following hospital discharge is entirely the responsibility of the patient; a high level of patient compliance with these drugs must therefore be demonstrated in order for them to become well accepted within the medical community. the results of this study showed a very high level of compliance both with orally and subcutaneously administered drugs. Level of evidence: Level i, randomized clinical study.