Gli elementi turco-ottomani nel Vocabolario italiano, e kurdo di Maurizio Garzoni (1787) e la loro importanza storico-documentaria

This paper aims to examine the loanwords of Ottoman-Turkish origin found in Maurizio Garzoni’s Vocabolario italiano, e kurdo (1787), the earliest bilingual Kurdish (Kurmanji) dictionary written by a European, and to check their historical-documentary importance. To this end, we have verified whether Garzoni’s data are also recorded in the wordlists presented by four major works on the Kurdish language, chosen as reference books ‒ namely Jaba-Justi (1879), Kurdoev (1960), İzoli (1992), Chyet (2003). This comparison has allowed us to identify seventeen Turkisms that seem to be found only in Garzoni; two of them, in addition, were borrowed from Ottoman words rarely attested (taş gemisi ‘kind of warship’, zaġal ‘fraudulent; rascal’). Garzoni’s work, therefore, is very valuable not only for the Kurdish historical lexicography, but also for the Turkish one.