Absence of nematic quasi-long-range order in two-dimensional liquid crystals with three director components

The Lebwohl-Lasher model describes the isotropic-nematic transition in liquid crystals. In two dimensions, where its continuous symmetry cannot break spontaneously, it is investigated numerically since decades to verify, in particular, the conjecture of a topological transition leading to a nematic phase with quasi-long-range order. We use scale invariant scattering theory to exactly determine the renormalization group fixed points in the general case of N director components (RPN−1 model), which yields the Lebwohl-Lasher model for N = 3. For N > 2 we show the absence of quasi-long-range order and the presence of a zero temperature critical point in the universality class of the O(N(N + 1)/2 − 1) model. For N = 2 the fixed point equations yield the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition required by the correspondence RP1 ∼ O(2).