Data about temperature dependence of cavitation activity (estimated, for example, by the intensity of sonoluminescence) known from literature are contradictory. Most of authors concluded that cavitation activity decreases with temperature. It is shown in this work that the influence of liquid temperature on the sonoluminescence (SL) intensity is different depending on the ultrasound intensity. At the ultrasound intensities not much higher than the cavitation appearance threshold the SL intensity increases with the temperature. At the ultrasound intensities considerably exceeding the cavitation threshold the SL intensity decreases with an increase of the temperature. At intermediate ultrasound intensities the temperature dependence of cavitation activity has a maximum: at first it increases with temperature, reaches a maximum and then decreases.
