The question of the relationship between human beings and machines, developed today by
transhumanism, is often thought of in terms of an increase. But where does this increase begin? Is
there something like a “natural” human being, free from any increase? The path followed in this
paper, first through Bergson’s reflection on instinct and intelligence and on tools and organs, then
through a reflection on education and human adaptability as a form of increase, with the possible
separation of human being from its biological condition, and finally through a reading of La
Mettrie’s works about man as a machine, questions the models of the cyborg or the replicant andThe question of the relationship between human beings and machines, developed today by
transhumanism, is often thought of in terms of an increase. But where does this increase begin? Is
there something like a “natural” human being, free from any increase? The path followed in this
paper, first through Bergson’s reflection on instinct and intelligence and on tools and organs, then
through a reflection on education and human adaptability as a form of increase, with the possible
separation of human being from its biological condition, and finally through a reading of La
Mettrie’s works about man as a machine, questions the models of the cyborg or the replicant andThe question of the relationship between human beings and machines, developed today by
transhumanism, is often thought of in terms of an increase. But where does this increase begin? Is
there something like a “natural” human being, free from any increase? The path followed in this
paper, first through Bergson’s reflection on instinct and intelligence and on tools and organs, then
through a reflection on education and human adaptability as a form of increase, with the possible
separation of human being from its biological condition, and finally through a reading of La
Mettrie’s works about man as a machine, questions the models of the cyborg or the replicant and
