Lanthanide complexes of Tris-3,4-HOPO as potential imaging probes: complex stability, magnetic and Vis/NIR luminescence properties"

There is a growing interest on the development of new medical diagnostic tools with higher sensibility and less damage for the patient body, namely on imaging reporters for the management of diseases and optimization of treatment strategies. This article examines the properties of a new class of lanthanide complexes with a tripodal tris-3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone (Tris-3,4-HOPO) ligand - NTP(PrHP)3. Among the studies herein performed, a major relevance is given to the thermodynamic stability of the complexes with a series of Ln3+ ions (Ln = La, Pr, Gd, Er, Lu) and to the magnetic relaxation properties of the Gd3+ complex. This hexadentate ligand enables the formation of 1:1 Ln3+ complexes with high thermodynamic stability following the usual trend, while the Gd-chelates show improved relaxivity (higher hydration number), as compared with commercially available Gd-based contrast agents (CAs); transmetallation of the Gd3+-L complex with Zn2+ proved to be thermodynamically and kinetically disfavored. Therefore, NTP(PrHP)3 emerges as part of a recently proposed new generation of CAs with prospective imaging sensitivity gains.