In the middle of the 6th/12th century the Saljuq Empire slowly dissolved in
several principalities, some of them still acknowledged the Saljuq sultan as
overlord. Many of you know the Artuqids and Zangids in the Saljuq West.
Other principalities emerged in the eastern part of the empire, where the
Sultan Sanjar was nominally the supreme overlord. The topic of this study is: how does the title (laqab) of Ai-Aba Malik Muluk
al-Umara"’ which was on his gold dinars in Nishapur in 560 AH fits into his
political position of this time.
