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Multiple Sources of Solar High-energy Protons

Leon Kocharov
•
Nicola Omodei
•
Alexander Mishev
altro
Ilya Usoskin
2021
  • journal article

Periodico
THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
Abstract
During the 24th solar cycle, the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has observed a total of 27 solar flares possessing delayed gamma-ray emission, including the exceptionally well-observed flare and coronal mass ejection (CME) on 2017 September 10. Based on the Fermi/LAT data, we plot, for the first time, maps of possible sources of the delayed >100 MeV gamma-ray emission of the 2017 September 10 event. The long-lasting gamma-ray emission is localized under the CME core. The gamma-ray spectrum exhibits intermittent changes in time, implying that more than one source of high-energy protons was formed during the flare-CME eruption. We find a good statistical correlation between the gamma-ray fluences of the Fermi/LAT-observed delayed events and the products of corresponding CME speed and the square root of the soft X-ray flare magnitude. Data support the idea that both flares and CMEs jointly contribute to the production of subrelativistic and relativistic protons near the Sun.
DOI
10.3847/1538-4357/abff57
WOS
WOS:000667943800001
Archivio
http://hdl.handle.net/11368/3029226
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85109821653
Diritti
open access
license:creative commons
license uri:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
FVG url
https://arts.units.it/bitstream/11368/3029226/1/Kocharov_2021_ApJ_915_12.pdf
Soggetti
  • Solar flare

  • Coronal Mass ejection...

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