Endogenous endophthalmitis following disseminated fungemia due to Fusarium solani in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia

We report the case of a young man with a resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who developed a disseminated fungemia due to Fusarium solani involving the skin and lungs, during the neutropenic phase following a chemotherapy course. Despite continuous therapy with liposomal amphotericin B, he developed a bilateral endophthalmitis that rapidly evolved to complete blindness. The patient underwent two procedures of vitrectomy, with detection of F. solani in the vitreous fluid, and continued antifungal therapy, without any recovery of visual acuity. When he eventually died due to recurrence of leukemia and hemorrhagic shock, autopsy revealed a diffuse fusarial involvement of the central nervous sysytem.