tudied how the agreement/divergence between simultaneous olfactory and verbal stimuli affects olfactory memory. Human subjects: 114 normal male and female Italian adults (20–45 yrs). In 2 experiments, a series of fruit smells and the names of the fruit (matching or different from the smells) were presented simultaneously. Then Ss had to recall the sniffed smells. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed.