Background: Anti-smoking counseling is often part of healthcare protocols for workers with past asbestos exposure; nevertheless, data is lacking about the results. Objectives: To evaluate smoking habits and the effects of anti-smoking counseling in a group of workers with past asbestos exposure. Methods: Smoking was assessed in 671 subjects who voluntarily attended a health surveillance protocol. Fagerstrom’s and Richmond’s tests were used in order to estimate smokers’ addiction and their potential will to quit. Besides anti-smoking counseling, smokers were also offered a formal cessation programme. Results: The mean age of the 671 subjects was 66 (DS= 7,9) years. The population consisted of 87 (13%) current smokers, 372 (55%) ex-smokers and 212 (32%) non smokers. According to Fagerstrom’s test results, only 10% of the smokers presented a strong/very strong addiction, while Richmond’s test results showed that 50% of the smokers had a strong/very strong will to quit. Only one smoker decided to join a cessation programme. Conclusions: The results of the study could present a bias, because volunteer-based protocols may promote the participation of self-motivated and health-sensitive subjects. This could be one of the reasons for the low prevalence of current smokers and high prevalence of ex-smokers. Anti-smoking counseling did not produce satisfactory effects because smokers were resistant to quitting smoking. Identification of anti-smoking counseling weak points may improve efficacy in health prevention controls made on subjects with past asbestos exposure
