Improvisational Listening?

Recognized musicians and researchers in the field of music improvisation, like George Lewis and Vijay Iyer, claim that listeners to improvised music improvise as well and, in so doing, they employ the notion of improvisation in the aesthetics of reception, as opposed to its more usual employment in the aesthetics of production. In this paper I aim to discuss if and how should we make sense of this claim. Furthermore I will try to answer a more general question, that is, whether, and in which sense, we can extend the idea of improvisational listening to every listening, to listening as such, not only to listening to an improvisation.