Organo-silane coated substrates for DNA purification

The use of blood as DNA source to be employed in genetic analysis requires a purification process in order to remove proteins, lipids and any other contaminants, such as hemoglobin, which inhibit PCR. On the other hand, the increasing demand of miniaturized and automated biological tests able to reduce time and cost of analysis, requires the development and the characterization of materials aimed to perform the DNA purification processes in micro-devices. In this work we studied the interaction of DNA molecules with modified silicon based substrates, positively charged after deposition of a (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) or 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]propyl-trimethoxysilane (AEEA) interfacial layer. The evaluation of the DNA adsorption and elution capacity of different substrates (thermally grown silicon oxide, silicon oxide obtained by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition, and Pyrex®) was studied taking into account the nature of the substrate and the effect of DNA length (in the 208–50,000 base pairs range). Main findings are that DNA elution capacity depends both on the utilized substrate and on the choice of the silanizing agent. Higher DNA recovery was obtained from AEEA-modified substrates, but the eluted DNA had different electrophoretic properties from native DNA. DNA with the same electrophoretic behaviour as genomic DNA was instead recovered from APTES-treated surfaces. Furthermore, the length of DNA present in the starting material strongly modulates the elution efficiency, longer DNA being released in a lesser amount, suggesting that opportunely modified surfaces could be used as systems for differential DNA separation.