This systematic review investigates the pivotal role of virtual energy storage (VES) in enhancing the resilience of energy systems. By systematically selecting and analyzing 158 articles, we address four key research questions about specific features of VES that enhance energy system resilience, how these features influence the overall resilience of energy systems, the enabler technologies associated with VES that impact the resilience of cyber-physical systems, and lastly, we discuss the challenges, and future research directions pertaining to the utilization of VES for bolstering resilience. Highlighting the importance of VES, the findings provide insights for policymakers, energy practitioners, and researchers aiming to enhance the resilience of energy systems in the face of increasing uncertainties and disruptions. Furthermore, this study provides valuable insights for the resilience engineering and energy engineering communities by identifying main features of energy resilience and key enabler technologies of VES for enhancing energy storage and system resilience.
