A nested PCR-based test was developed for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in blood specimens from patients with listeriosis. Two pair of oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify a 1395-bp and 453-bp fragment of the iap gene of L. monocytogenes. Amplified products were analyzed with gel electrophoresis and stained with ethidium bromide. The PCR method described could be routinely used to diagnose listeriosis.