The main subject of this paper is the sensing of network anomalies that span from harmless impedance changes at some network termination to more or less pronounced electrical faults, considering also cable degradation over time. In this paper, we present how to harvest information about such anomalies in distribution grids using high frequency signals spanning from few kHz to several MHz. Given the wide bandwidth considered, we rely on power line modems as network sensors. We first discuss the front-end architectures needed to perform the measurement and then introduce two algorithms to detect, classify, and locate the different kinds of network anomalies listed above. Simulation results are finally presented. They validate the concept of sensing in smart grids using power line modems and show the efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
