The formation of ore deposits has been extensively studied from a shallow crust perspective. In
contrast, the association of mineral systems with deep crustal structure of their host terranes remains
relatively undisclosed, and there is evidence that processes throughout the lithosphere are coupled
for their evolution. The current debate centers on the control of the regional deep crustal architecture
in focusing and transferring fluids between geochemical reservoirs. Defining such architecture is not
unequivocal, and involves combining indirect information in order to constrain its physical properties
and evolution. Herein, based on evidence from satellite gravity, constrained by airborne potential field
data (gravity and magnetics), we provide an example on how the lithosphere geometry controlled the
location of copper and gold systems in the world-class Archean Carajás Mineral Province (Amazonian
Craton, South America). Validation with information from passive seismic (wave speeds, crustal
and lithospheric thickness) and geochronologic data (model, crystallization ages, and Neodymium
isotope ratio determinations) portrays a significantly enlarged, poly-phase, Archean crust that exerted
geometric control on the location of the mineral systems within and adjacent to the province during
tectonic quiescence and switches. This new geologic scenario impacts the understanding of the
Amazonian Craton. Synergy between multi-source data, as experimented here, can provide robust
models efficiently and, conceivably, help to unveil similar terrains elsewhere.
