Three dimensional flows over backward facing steps

Three-dimensional flows over backward facing s.tif are analysed by means of a finite element procedure, which shares many features with the SIMPLER method. In fact, given an initial or guessed velocity field, the pseudovelocities, i.e. the velocities that would prevail in the absence of the pressure field, are found first. Then, by enforcing continuity on the pseudovelocity field, the tentative pressure is estimated, and the momentum equations are solved in sequence for velocity components. Afterwards, continuity is enforced again to find corrections that are used to modify the velocity field and the estimated pressure field. Finally, whenever necessary, the energy equation is solved before moving to the next step.