This article presents a review of the first course held by Michel Foucault at the Collège de France: La volonté de savoir (1970-1971). The first part of the article rivisits some of the most important themes of the course, while the second part develops extensively the topics and analyzes the relation between Nietzsche's and Foucault's thought, the unnecessary co-implication of knowledge and truth, and the crucial question about the etichal and political role of the philosopher in the contemporary society.