The article addresses the most controversial topic of italian history - 1943-1945. In national historiography, the coverage of this period is influenced by italian communist historiography, which linearly covers this period as the triunpal procession of the Resistance Movement. Thi article analyzes the complex set of relationship between various political forces after the overthrow of MUssolini and the formation of the Italian Social Republic. The article analyzes the complex relationships in the communist movement, gives the author's assessment of the Salerno Turn
