Anodic titanium oxide as immobilized photocatalyst in UV or visible light devices

Titanium anodizing can be a powerful technique to generate photoactive oxides, strongly adherent to the metallic substrate, and to modify their chemical composition by inducing doping effects. This work investigates the photocatalytic behavior of differently obtained anodic TiO(2) films under UV and visible light irradiation, so as to define the best treatment for wastewaters purifiers. Anodizing was performed in H(3) PO(4) and H(2)SO(4) mixtures or in fluoride containing electrolytes. Morphology, elemental composition and crystal structure of the anodic films were characterized by XDR, GDOES and SEM. When amorphous oxides were obtained, an annealing treatment was used to promote the formation of anatase crystals. Annealing was also performed in nitrogen atmosphere to induce nitrogen doping. The photocatalytic efficiency of anatase-enriched TiO(2) was investigated in rhodamine B photodegradation. Doping was induced not only by annealing but also directly by anodizing, and generated photoactivity in both the UV and Vis components of light. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.