In his Philosophy of Music, Piana adopts a phenomenological perspective in the investigation of musical experience. Piana challenges the foundation of naturalism, an intellectual orientation which is deeply rooted in this subject matter since ancient times. In so doing, Piana opens up a road towards a pluralistic and anti-naturalistic approach, demonstrating the fruitfulness of phenomenology in this field. According to this perspective, music is neither applied physics nor neuroscience. Instead of trying to reduce it to something else, Piana investigates the deep phenomenological structure of our musical experience. His analysis leaves room for the role of different cultures and languages but highlights, at the same time, the common ground of any human meaningful experience with sounds.