The quantitative reconstruction of subsurface earth properties
from the propagation of waves follows an iterative minimization
of a misfit functional. In marine seismic exploration, the observed
data usually consist of measurements of the pressure field,
but dual-sensor devices also provide the normal velocity. Consequently, a reciprocity-based misfit functional is specifically
designed, and it defines the full reciprocity-gap waveform inversion (FRgWI) method. This misfit functional provides additional
features compared to the more traditional least-squares approaches, in particular, in that the observational and computational
acquisitions can be different. Therefore, the positions and wavelets
of the sources from which the measurements are acquired are not
needed in the reconstruction procedure and, in fact, the numerical
acquisition (for the simulations) can be chosen arbitrarily. Based
on 3D experiments, FRgWI is shown to behave better than fullwaveform inversion in the same context. It allows for arbitrary
numerical acquisitions in two ways: when few measurements
are given, a dense numerical acquisition (compared to the observational one) can be used to compensate. However, with a dense
observational acquisition, a sparse computational one is shown to
be sufficient, for instance, with multiple-point sources, hence
reducing the numerical cost. FRgWI displays accurate reconstructions in both situations and appears more robust with respect to
crosstalk than least-squares shot stacking.
