This paper deals with methodological and analytical topics of the external orientation (georeferencing) of surveying sensors, achievable nowadays directly by “on board” GPS/INS measures,
eventually integrated by other kinds of available data. In the first part, the geometrical aspects are illustrated (sequence of 3D roto-translations among reference frames) and a pros/cons comparison between indirect and direct methods is carried out.
The analytical aspects involve the stochastic prediction by means of Kalman filter dynamic model, widely applied in Mobile Mapping System (MMS) field to efficiently solve surveying problems. The experimental application of own pseudo-dynamic algorithm on OEEPE Test “Integrated Sensor Orientation” GPS/INS and imaging aerial data has given well results finally presented.
