In Italy port system has always been grounded on State structures or corporate ones. Now that the EC system introduced mobility right as a principle in order to foster competitiveness of people and goods, Member States will have to adopt appropriate measures and Italy, particularly, will have to redefine its own role in the framework of international logistics. This book gathers reflections and proposals aiming at the realisation of a new transport policy which could enhance competitiveness and “Europeanization” of the Mediterranean area.