This paper explores the complex challenges and emerging progress within Somalia’s healthcare system. Decades of conflict, political instability, and environmental crises have deeply undermined health infrastructure, leaving much of the population without access to essential services. The study analyzes major issues such as maternal and child mor¬tality, infectious diseases, malnutrition, and the shortage of medical professionals. Despite these barriers, efforts by the Somali government, NGOs, and international agencies have yielded significant improvements — notably in vaccination coverage, local medical training, and community-based healthcare delivery. By evaluating both the obstacles and the positive developments, this work highlights the potential pathways toward a sustainable, inclusive healthcare system in Somalia.
