Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI) score has the major impact on outcome prediction in elderly surgical patients with colorectal cancer: The FRAGIS study

Background: This study aims (I) to evaluate whether the Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI) score is associated with postoperative outcomes and (II) to develop a prognostic model for individual complication-risk prediction following colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. Method: This is a prospective multicentric cohort study. Consecutive ≥75-year-old candidates for elective CRC surgery were enrolled from October 2017 to August 2019. Patients underwent standardized preoperative geriatric assessment including the MPI. Patients with MPI score > 0.33 were classified as frail. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate variables associated with major postoperative complications and mortality, using 10-fold cross-validated LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) for model selection. Results: In all, 104 patients were included, 34 (33%) had MPI score > 0.33. Major postoperative complications occurred in 52% of frail versus 16% of fit (MPI score ≤ 0.33) patients (p < .01). Both 30-day (9% vs. 0%; p = .033) and 90-day mortality (18% vs. 1%; p < .01) were higher among frail patients. In multivariate analysis, MPI score was associated with adverse outcomes. A final postoperative complication predictive model was created, including MPI score, gait-speed test, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiology) score, surgical approach, and stoma creation. Conclusion: MPI score is strongly associated with postoperative major complications in CRC elderly patients and it is a primary component of an individual prediction model.