The object of this study is to make a cross-country analysis among the OECD countries with the purpose to demonstrate that economie growth and structural transformations are interdependent and external (trade is one of the key factors to achieve the competitive advantages offered by specialization and interdependency among OECD countries. The development of the study will include: to examine the role of the primary and food sector in the transition from an economie structure to another, to try a classification of the OECD countries based on their economie structure and to draw some conclusion with respect to future development.