This article explores the causes of political violence in the province of Bari after the
First World War. It examines the conflicts between squadristi and socialist militants
(and, to a lesser degree, communist militants) during the period of political turmoil
that followed the war in Italy. The article is based on archival documentation
preserved at the Italian Archivio Centrale dello Stato and Archivio di Stato di Bari,
as well as on the analysis of “Puglia Rossa” (“Red Apulia”), the Socialist Federation’s
press organ in the province of Bari.
